Conformal coating is a specialised protective coating applied to the surfaces of printed circuit boards (PCBs) and electronic components. Its primary function is to form a transparent or semi-transparent film on the surface of the circuit board, thereby providing “three-proof” protection for electronic components. This film effectively resists moisture condensation, corrosion from acids, alkalis and salts, fungal growth, and, to a certain extent, dust contamination and chemical erosion, thereby significantly enhancing the reliability and service life of electronic equipment in harsh environments.

Thermal grease is a paste-like thermal interface material produced by grinding and compounding a base oil of speciality silicone oil with inorganic fillers that offer high thermal conductivity and high-temperature resistance. Its fundamental design principle is not to act as the primary heat conductor itself, but rather to utilise its soft, paste-like consistency to to fully fill the microscopic depressions and gaps—invisible to the naked eye—between the heat-generating component and the heat sink under assembly pressure. This displaces the air—which has a thermal conductivity of only approximately 0.026 W/(m·K)—thereby establishing a highly efficient heat transfer pathway based on the material’s own thermal conductivity, and consequently significantly reducing the interfacial thermal resistance.